Reply to the comment by J. R. Ali on “Illawarra Reversal: the fingerprint of a superplume that triggered Pangean breakup and the end-Guadalupian (Permian) mass extinction” by Yukio Isozaki |
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| Institution: | 1. Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Technopôle Arbois Méditerranée, Bât. Villemin - BP 80, F-13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, France;2. Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 9825, 100 029 Beijing, China;3. Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centre Européen de Recherche et d''Enseignement des Géosciences de l''Environnement, Technopôle Arbois Méditerranée - BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, France;4. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom;5. Department of Biology and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, N-5020 Bergen, Norway;6. University of Innsbruck, Institute of Botany, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria;7. Lund University, Faculty of Science, Box 118, SE -22100 Lund, Sweden;8. Environmental Change Research Centre, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | The following four major questions were raised about my recent proposal for the possible link between the end-Guadalupian extinction and a unique geomagnetic event called the Illawarra Reversal (Isozaki, 2009a); 1) timings of extinction, cooling, and the Illawarra Reversal (end of the Kiaman Superchron), 2) geomagnetic intensity during superchrons, 3) ascent rate of mantle plume, and 4) age constraints of LIP volcanism in east Pangea. The latest research results on the Permian biodiversity change, numerical modeling of plume, and single-crystal measurement of geomagnetism support that the timings of extinction and the Illawarra Reversal, high field intensity during the Kiaman superchron, and ascent rate of plume are reasonably explained in accordance with the integrated “plume winter” scenario (Isozaki, 2009b). The onset ages of LIP volcanism need further refinement for identifying the impingement of a plume head. |
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