Characteristics and petroleum origin of the Carboniferous volcanic rock reservoirs in the Shixi Bulge of Junggar Basin,western China |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Geoscience, China University of Petroleum, Changjiang West Road, 66, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China;3. Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, Xinjiang Oilfield, CNPC, Karamay, 834000, China;1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;2. Langfang Branch, PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Langfang 065007, China;1. Chevron Energy Technology Company, Houston, TX 77002-7308, USA;2. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964-8000, USA;3. Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Earth Sciences, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China;2. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Jilin Oilfield Company, Songyuan 138001, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;2. Research Institute of Experiment and Detection, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, China;3. School of Geosciences and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;4. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, China;5. Fengcheng Oilfield Operation Area, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, China;1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China;2. Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, Xinjiang Oilfield, CNPC, Karamay 834000, China |
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| Abstract: | Shixi Bulge of the central Junggar Basin in western China is a unique region that provides insight into the geological and geochemical characteristics of large-scale petroleum reservoirs in volcanic rocks of the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the Shixi Bulge mainly consist of striped lava and agglomerate, as well as breccia lava and tight tuff. Volcanic rocks differ in porosity and permeability. Striped lava exhibits the highest porosity (average: 14.2%) but the lowest permeability (average: 0.67 × 10−15 m) among the rock types. Primary gas pores are widely developed and mostly filled. Secondary dissolution pores and fractures are two major reservoir storage spaces. Capillary pressure curves suggest the existence of four pore structure types of reservoir rocks. Several factors, namely, lithology, pore structure, and various diagenesis, govern the physical properties of volcanic rocks. The oil is characterized by a high concentration of tricyclic terpane, a terpane distribution of C23 < C21 > C20, and sterane distributions of C27 < C28 < C29 and C27 > C28 < C29. Oil and gas geochemistry revealed that the oil is a mixture derived primarily from P2w source rock and secondarily from P1j source rock in the sag west of Pen-1 Well. The gases are likely gas mixtures of humic and sapropelic organic origins, with the sapropelic gas type dominant in the mixture. The gas mixture is most likely cracked from kerogen rather than oils. The Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Shixi Bulge share some unique characteristics that may provide useful insights into the various roles of different volcanic reservoir types in old volcanic provinces. The presence of these reservoirs will undoubtedly encourage future petroleum exploration in volcanic rocks up to the deep parts of sedimentary basins. |
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| Keywords: | Volcanic rock Carboniferous Reservoir Petroleum origin Petroleum exploration Junggar basin |
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