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The impact of composition on pore throat size and permeability in high maturity shales: Middle and Upper Devonian Horn River Group,northeastern British Columbia,Canada
Institution:1. College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, China University of Geosciences, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China;3. Geological Scientific Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company of SINOPEC, Dongying 257015, China;1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Changjiang west road 66, Tsingtao 266580, China;2. College of Earth Sciences, Jinlin University, Jianshe Street 2199, Changchun 130061, China;3. Key laboratory for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Energy Minerals, Jilin Province, Changchun 130061, China;4. Department of applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Montanuniversität Leoben, Peter-Tuuner-Str. 5, Leoben A-8700, Austria;5. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China;6. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract:Shale reservoirs of the Middle and Upper Devonian Horn River Group provide an opportunity to study the influence of rock composition on permeability and pore throat size distribution in high maturity formations. Sedimentological, geochemical and petrophysical analyses reveal relationships between rock composition, pore throat size and matrix permeability.In our sample set, measured matrix permeability ranges between 1.69 and 42.81 nanodarcies and increases with increasing porosity. Total organic carbon (TOC) content positively correlates to permeability and exerts a stronger control on permeability than inorganic composition. A positive correlation between silica content and permeability, and abundant interparticle pores between quartz crystals, suggests that quartz may be another factor enhancing the permeability. Pore throat size distributions are strongly related to TOC content. In organic rich samples, the dominant pore throat size is less than 10 nm, whereas in organic lean samples, pore throat size distribution is dominantly greater than 20 nm. SEM images suggest that in organic rich samples, organic matter pores are the dominant pore type, whereas in quartz rich samples, the dominant type is interparticle pores between quartz grains. In clay rich and carbonate rich samples, the dominant pore type is intraparticle pores, which are fewer and smaller in size.High permeability shales are associated with specific depositional facies. Massive and pyritic mudstones, rich in TOC and quartz, have comparatively high permeability. Laminated mudstone, bioturbated mudstone and carbonate facies, which are relatively enriched in clay or carbonate, have fairly low permeability.
Keywords:Pore throat size  Permeability  Shale composition  Horn River Group shale  Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
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