城市雨水管理信息系统的基本架构

城市化进程对区域可持续发展，特别是对城市的雨水管理提出了一系列新的挑战。为应对这一挑战，就必须立足于自然水文循环的维系，因地制宜地对城市雨水实施信息化、智能化管理。在分析涉及城市雨水管理的必要性、可行性的基础上，本文提出了城市雨水管理系统的基本框架。这一以城市雨水为管理对象的信息系统首先要具备的功能是与城市自然条件相关的信息输出和管理，如地形、地貌、植被、土壤等基础数据的数字化、信息化，进而要考虑与雨水管理直接相关的参数输出和管理，如城市的水文区位、土地利用现状、平均降雨量、最大降雨历时、最小无降雨历时等。空间分析模块是该信息系统的核心．城市雨水管理模式的选择和布局都是建立在对上述各种相关数据实施空间分析的基础之上的。不同雨水管理模式和设施的实际应用效果可借助本系统进行模拟并实现可视化。

Framework of the Urban Rainwater Information Management System

Rapid urbanization has brought about a series of new challenges for local sustainable development, especially for urban rainwater management. To meet such challenges,it is necessary to manage urban rainwater in an informationized and intelligent way, aiming at the maintenance of natural hydrological cycle. This paper proposed a framework of urban water information management system based on analyzing the necessity and feasibility. As urban rainwater-oriented information system, it should be capable of outputting and managing the basic data of the natural conditions in an urban area, such as those about urban topography, geomorphology, vegetation and soil. Meanwhile, it should have functions of outputting and managing data directly related to rainwater management, like hydrological location, land use, average precipitation, maximum rainfall duration, and minimum duration without rainfall. Key component of this system is its spatial analysis module. Both selection and distribution of any rainwater management module are based on conducting spatial analysis of various data mentioned above. Practical effects of different kinds of management modules and facilities can be simulated and visualized by using this system.