南海周边中全新世以来的海平面变化研究进展

综述了近几十年来前人有关中全新世以来南海海平面变化研究的主要成果,着重探讨了研究中出现的争议和热点问题,结果表明,南海中全新世确实存在高海平面,海平面最高有2~3 m,出现在7.0~5.5 kaBP;而此后的海平面变化呈振荡模式,波动降低到目前海平面的位置,且与温度波动有一定的同步性,揭示了它们之间的紧密联系。而由卫星观测结果统计出的最近十几年以来南海海平面的上升速率达3.9 mm/a,略高于同期全球平均值;由验潮站统计出的南海海平面上升率为2.4 mm/a,同样略高于相应的全球平均值。最后还指出了研究过程中存在的主要问题与不足,并初步总结出一些改进措施:①使用高精度的定年技术,减少年龄误差;②在构造相对稳定的海岸段研究古海平面变化;③尽量采用高精度的标志物,如微环礁、管形虫壳等。

PROGRESS IN RESEARCHES ON SEA-LEVEL CHANGES IN SOUTH CHINA SEA SINCE MID-HOLOCENE

The researches on sea-level changes in South China Sea since mid-Holocene during the past several decades have been comprehensively reviewed.Some disputes and hot questions are mainly discussed and the conclusions indicate that high sea level in mid-Holocene reached maximally 2~3 m above present mean sea level during 7.0~5.5 kaBP,and the following sea level performed oscillating and fell to present mean sea level,in phase of the Holocene temperature to some extent,suggesting their close relationship.The modern rising rates of sea level in South China Sea resulting from observation of satellite altimeters and tide gauges,are up to 3.9 and 2.4 mm/a respectively,both slightly higher than the corresponding contemporaneous global mean rates.Additionally,some shortages and problems about sea-level researches are listed,and preliminary improving measures concluded include:(1)using more precise dating technology to minimize errors;(2)carrying out researches on tectonically stable locations;(3)adopting more precise sea-level indicators such as microatolls and tubeworm encrustations.