| 咸海流域水资源利用的区域合作问题分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡文俊.咸海流域水资源利用的区域合作问题分析[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(6). |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡文俊 |
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| 作者单位： | 河海大学商学院,江苏南京,210098;水利部国际经济技术合作交流中心,北京,100053 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB42B09-1) |
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| 摘 要： | 咸海的主要水源为阿姆河和锡尔河,自20世纪60年代以来由于人口的增加和农业政策导致的灌溉面积的迅速扩大,河流径流被大量引入且消耗于农业灌溉,使得入湖地表径流大幅度减少。原本是地球上的第四大湖泊的咸海,目前面积已缩小到只有原来的十分之一,并分离形成三个主要的残留湖,湖泊及湖滨的生态环境极度恶化。同时,巨大的干涸裸露湖床已成为盐尘和有毒物的发源地,严重威胁周边地区的人类健康。中亚五国自独立后于1992年签订了《中亚五国水协定》,旨在通过协定和后续协议加强区域合作扭转咸海流域严重的水危机与生态危机。但事与愿违,危机事态未得到抑制且有扩大趋势。通过对相关事态进行的深入分析,认为除改变该地区经济发展模式以减少农业用水外,在公平合理分配水资源的基础上加强国家间的合作,开展全流域水资源的综合开发、利用与管理才是扭转目前危机的最有效的途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 咸海流域 水资源危机 生态危机 公平合理分配 区域合作 |
Regional cooperation issues in water utilization of Aral Sea Basin |
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| HU Wen-jun.Regional cooperation issues in water utilization of Aral Sea Basin[J].Arid Land Geography,2009,32(6). |
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| Authors: | HU Wen-jun |
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| Institution: | HU Wen-jun1,2(1 Business School,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China,2 The International Economic & Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center,Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100053,China) |
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| Abstract: | The Aral Sea is mainly supplied by river flows of Amudaya and Seridaya.The inflows to the Aral Sea have largely reduced due to the great diversion of river flows and depletion for irrigated agricultural development sustaining the population growth and in compliance with the national agricultural development policy since 1960's.The Aral Sea being once the fourth largest lake in the world has reserved its area only to the one tenth of its original size,and it has been separated into three small lakes.The ecol... |
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| Keywords: | the Aral Sea Basin water resources crisis ecological crisis equitable and reasonable allocation regional cooperation |
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