粘土的变形、破坏和强度的一些问题

以往,土力学中计算土体变形应用的是弹性理论,土被简化为直线变形体.在稳定性分析中应用的是塑性理论,土体的强度的发挥与变形无关.这些不妥当的假定沿用了很长的时间,一直到电子计算技术应用于土力学,人们才可根据试验获得的土的应力～应变关系来计算实际土体的应力和应变分布,从而判断土体各点所处的状态是弹性平衡,还是塑性平衡,这种判定需要一个量标～抗剪强度指标.土的强度的确定,是个复杂的问题.它不仅与应力条件和排水条件有关,而且与变形密切关联,

SOME PROBLEMS CONCERNING DEFORMATION FAILURE AND STRENGTH OF CLAYS

The first section of the report presents failure shape of clay specimen and analyses of inducing sources by mohr-theory .A soft layer within the specimen can effect and control the strength and the failure shape of clay ;In the second section of the report the whole process of deformation of the clay specimen under external loads is analysed .The relationship between the deformation and strength is stated .The meaning of statical limit-equilibrium condition ,kinematical equilibrium condition and limit kinematical equilibrium is delineated .the differences under various equilibrium condition were discussed ;In the last section the use and the existing problems of the various failure criterias of soil are discussed .