The role of volcanic eruptions in blocking the drainage leading to the Dead Sea formation |
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Authors: | Elias Salameh Mohammed Al Farajat |
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Institution: | (1) University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan;(2) Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, 25113, Jordan |
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Abstract: | The shrinkage of the Lisan Lake (LL) to form the recent Dead Sea (DS) was mainly a result of the reduction of the catchment
area from around 157,000 km2 during Late Pleistocene to 43,000 km2 presently. The reduction in the catchment area resulted from the eruption and spread of the basalt flows of Jabal Arab-Druz
(JAD), which together with the resulting deposition of thick rock debris and gravels occupied the drainage system. The filling
of the pre-basalt drainage system, which used to feed the Dead Sea, with basalts and alluvial sediments blocked the inflows
from reaching the Dead Sea. Local base levels along the basalt flow boarders such as Azraq Oasis, Sirhan Basin and Damascus
Oasis, and numerous pools and mud flats were created. |
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Keywords: | Lisan Lake Dead Sea Jabal Arab-Druz Volcanic eruptions Blocking of drainage |
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