全球变化视角下人地系统研究面临的几个问题探讨

围绕全球变化问题，国际科技界从20世纪80年代以来已组织了4个大型国际研究计划，即WCRP、IGBP、IHDP、DIVERSITAS，在此基础上又形成了众多核心研究计划或支撑研究计划。随着这些研究计划的酝酿、实施和推进，其明显发展趋势是越来越强调人类社会对全球环境变化的影响、响应与适应问题研究。全球变化研究不仅为以“人地关系地域系统”为核心的地理学提出了新的科学命题，同时也为地理学与其它科学领域的融合、交叉提供了广泛途径。在分析全球变化国际研究计划进展基础上，指出入地关系地域系统研究面临5个关键问题。

Problems of Man-land Relationship System Theory under Global Change

WCRP, IGBP, IHDP and DIVERITAS have been established as international scientific research programmes to focus on global change since the 1980's by joint of ICSU, ISSC, WMO, UNDP, UN-ESCO. Sponsored by the programmes above, dozens of supporting programme have been also set up, such as LUCC, IGBP-DIS, START. After more the 10 years promotion of the programme, it has be emphasized heavily by most scientists that human dimension on global change should be paid more attention to in scientific works. Geography, taking Man-land Relationship System as its core, is playing an important role in global change research. Based on the review of global change research, this paper points out four key topics between geography and global change science: (1) Human dimension on global issues. As a scientific thinking skill, human dimension on global issue is helpful to combine Man-land System theory and clobal change research. (2) Geological time scale and human time scale. Global change issues should be considered at both geological time scale and human time scale, however, man-land relationship system research pay more attention to issues on human time scale. (3) Global scale and regional scale. Global scale issues is the background of regional issues and frame of value reference. (4) Integration of human data and natural data. Human data are usually based on human spatial unit and natural data on natural unit. However it is very difficult to share between them, due to difference of spatial unit. It is important to establish a common information unit system to convert data to a common spatial scale. (5) Man-land System and paradigm of modern geographical science. Finally, this paper gives some comments about the important of the combination of geography and global changes science.