云南陡坡地优化利用若干问题研究—以滇西北地区为例

云南陡坡垦殖较为严重,滇西北地区尤为突出。主要原因有宜耕地缺乏、社会经济发展滞后、粮食单产低、人口增长较快、交通不便等。陡坡垦殖导致植被破坏、土壤侵蚀;环境变劣,部分地区失去生存条件;灾害频繁,威胁中下游地区生命和财产安全。退耕还林是一项系统工程。工作尚未大规模开展之前,应认真落实应退耕地面积和退耕还林地块,积极解决群众温饱,减轻土地压力。退耕还林规划应与区域发展规划协调一致;建立农林复合系统,实现陡坡地优化利用;组织技术培训,建立技术保障系统;发展交通事业,改善生产生活条件。

STUDY ON OPTIMIZING AND UTILIZING STEEP SLOPES IN YUNNAN: TAKING THE AREAS IN NW YUNNAN AS AN EXAMPLE

Cultivation on steep slopes in Yunnan is relatively serious, especially in the areas of the NW Yunnan The main reasons for this includes short of suitable farmland, lag of social and economic development level, low production per unit area, relatively fast population growth, inconvenience traffic condition and so on Cultivation on steep slopes results in vegetation destruction, soil erosion, environment degradation, and loss of living conditions, frequent natural disaster All these threaten the safety of life and belongings Work of replacing farmland with forests on steep slopes is systems engineering Before it is carried out in a large scale, the followings should be done: careful confirmation of areas and plots of the farmland to be withdraw, guaranteeing the local people to dress warmly and eat their fill, easing the land stress The planning of replacing cultivation with forest should assort with the planning of regional development The following works should be also concerned: developing agro-forest combining system, optimizing and utilizing steep slopes, technique training, setting up technical safeguard system, improving transport system, improving product and living conditions