青岛市城区演化及发展的卫星遥感分析

通过对1988、1997和2002年3个时相的Landsat卫星遥感数据分析，获得适合青岛市城区发展研究的遥感波段组合，获得了青岛近20多年来城区扩展的总体信息。从3个时相遥感影像的对比结果可以看出，1988年到1997年期间青岛市城区扩展较为显著，市南、市北、四方、李沧和崂山5区面积从89．5km^2发展到169．5km^2，1997年以后仅崂山区西部有小面积扩展。城阳和黄岛区的变化较大，1988年到1997年间分别以大约14倍和15倍的速度增长，1997年到2002年城阳城区面积从38．1km^2扩展到50．3km^2，黄岛城区面积翻番。从自然条件的角度来看，青岛市东部多山地发展空间小，城阳区大部分处于海拔100m以下，而城区面积不到总面积的1／6，黄岛区也存在近3倍于现今的城区面积的发展空间。可以看出在环胶州湾的发展带上，城区扩展存在着明显的不平衡现象，今后我们应该改善导致这种不平衡发展的因素，加强胶州湾沿岸交通网的建设，将下一步的发展重点放在胶州湾北岸、西南岸以及崂山东北部低地区域的建设上。

Satellite Remote Sensing Analysis of Evolvement and Development of Urban Region in Qingdao

With remote sensing images during three phases (1988, 1997 and 2002), the authors obtained the best spectral composition of image for urban region of Qingdao and information of urban development within the last twenty years. Analysis of the image interpretation results revealed that the urban area increased from 1988 to 1997, and changed little from 1997 to 2002. During the first phase Huangdao area was about 14 times and Chengyang about 15 times larger than before, and the rest districts of Qingdao expanded from 89.5 km 2 to 169.5 km 2. In the second phase the urban area extended from 38.1 km 2 to 50.3 km 2 in Chengyang and doubled its first-phase area in Huangdao. Mountains that lie in the east part of Qingdao are too high to build houses on. Both in Chengyang and Huangdao, there is a large area below the sea level altitude of 100 m, which can be used as urban construction. It is shown from the analysis that there is obvious imbalance in the urban development around Jiaozhou Bay. So we should improve the traffic environment of this area and pay more attention to the construction of the districts of the east and southwest coast of Jiaozhou Bay and northeast part of Laoshan.