凝结水的生态水文效应研究进展

世界上近一半的国家和地区不同程度地受到干旱问题的影响。干旱区的最显著特征是降水的极端稀少和不确定。任何降雨以外的水资源输入,即使数量很微小,也对荒漠生态系统的维持和存续有重要意义,因此凝结水作为可能性水源成为研究热点。基于文献资料,本文从干旱、半干旱地区凝结水对生物的影响,对生物结皮及土壤水分平衡的作用,对地下水的补给以及凝结水的人为利用等几个方面阐述国内外的凝结水研究现状,着重分析凝结水生态水文效应方面的研究历程和趋势,总结凝结水研究中存在的问题,展望未来研究工作的重点。

An Overview on Eco-hydrological Effects of Condensation Water

Almost half of the countries and areas in the world are suffering from drought at different levels. Since arid and semi-arid regions are characterized by extreme shortage and uncertainty of precipitation, water availability is the most important limiting factor in arid lands, and any additional source of moisture, such as condensation water, may have a positive impact upon the ecosystem. Therefore, many experiments and studies have been carried out on condensation water recently. Based on articles and relevant documents on the subject, the paper reviews systematically and comprehensively the latest achievements on the researches in several main aspects, which including effects of condensation water on organism, microbiotic crusts, soil moisture balance, ground water recharge and its utilization by human being. History and trends of the researches about eco-hydrological effects of condensation water are aslo analyzed intensively in order to summarize the problems existing in the researches and offer opinions and suggestions on the study in the future.