被动式微波遥感技术发展及其对汽/液态水物理参数反演的研究进展

大气遥感是1960年代以来发展最为迅速的学科分支之一,也是大气科学发展的关键技术支柱之一;其中,被动式微波遥感具有体积及功耗小,能进行全天候连续观测等优点,为获取大气、海洋、陆面等多领域观测信号提供了直接和有利手段。由于水汽、液态水是影响天气气候变化的重要要素,对其的探测技术在当前气象业务中显得尤为重要。简单回顾了被动式微波遥感的主要进展,重点介绍微波辐射计对水汽、云液态水、降水等物理量进行反演时所采用的统计方法、物理方法、物理统计方法等方法研究方面的国内外进展,并对微波辐射计的未来发展前景作了简单介绍。

AN OVERVIEW ON TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS AND RESEARCH PROGRESS OF THE RETRIEVAL OF WATER VAPOR AND CLOUD LIQUID WATER USING PASSIVE MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING

Being one of the rapid discipline branches in atmospheric science,atmospheric remote sensing technology is a critical support to the development of the science.As a branch,passive microwave remote sensing is characteristic of small volume,low power consumption and all-weather observation,and it can provide direct and useful information of the atmosphere,ocean and land surface.As water vapor and cloud liquid water play important roles in the weather and climate changes,the sensing techniques for water vapor and cloud liquid water are important in current meteorological operation.In this paper,we briefly introduce the advancement of passive microwave remote sensing,and chiefly introduce research progress in statistical,physical and physical/statistical retrieval algorithms of water vapor,liquid water and precipitation using microwave sensing.In the last section,future growth prospects of microwave sensing are briefly presented.