海洋混合层深度时空分布及其与风、浪参数的相关性分析

本文应用一个经验证的全球尺度FVCOM海浪模型，模拟了2012年全球海洋海浪场的分布和演变，分析了海表面风场、海浪场与混合层深度的全球尺度分布及相关性。综合观测资料和模型结果显示，海表面10 m风速、有效波高与混合层深度的全球尺度分布随季节发生显著的变化，并且其分布态势存在明显的相似性。从相关系数的全球分布来看，海表面10 m风速在印度洋低纬度海区（纬度0°~20°）与混合层深度间有较强的相关性，相关系数大于0.5；有效波高与混合层深度间相关系数大于0.5的网格分布在北半球高纬度海区和印度洋北部。谱峰周期与混合层深度间在部分海区存在负相关关系，这些网格主要分布在低纬度海区（纬度0°~30°）。统计结果显示，有效波高、海表面10 m风速和谱峰周期与混合层深度间的平均相关系数分别为0.31、0.25和0.12。综合以上结果表明，有效波高较谱峰周期能更有效地表征波浪能对海洋上层混合的影响；相比于海表面风速，有效波高与混合层深度间存在更强的相关关系，其变化对海洋上层混合有更显著的影响。

The variation of the ocean mixing layer depth and its correlation analysis with winds and waves

This paper simulates the global sea surface wave evolution in 2012, based on a well validated global scale FVCOM wave model, and analyses the global distribution of wind speed, wave parameters and mixing layer depth. Based on the simulation results and observed data, the global distribution patterns of 10 m wind speed, significant wave height and mixing layer depth vary remarkably with season, and they share the most similar trend. By the way of statistic, it is showed the average correlation coefficients between significant wave height, 10 m wind speed, peak period and mixing layer depth are 0.31, 0.25 and 0.12, respectively. For the global distribution of the correlation coefficients, 10 m wind speed and mixing layer depth have high correlation of about 0.5 at low latitudes (0°-20°) in the Indian Ocean, while for the significant wave height it is located at the high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and the North Indian Ocean. The correlation coefficients of peak period and mixing layer depth are negative in some areas distributed at low latitudes (0°-30°) in the Indian Ocean. Above all, compared with peak period, significant wave height can better represent the influence of wave energy on surface layer mixing. And significant wave heights and mixing layer depth have stronger correlation than the sea surface wind speed.