急性低氧胁迫对军曹鱼大规格幼鱼血液生化指标的影响

为了研究军曹鱼在急性低氧应激时体内物质代谢和组织器官机能状态变化，分别测定低氧胁迫前后血液生化指标的含量。结果表明:（1）急性低氧胁迫后，军曹鱼血清电解质含量呈不同程度升高，其中钠、氯和钙离子浓度与胁迫前差异极显著（P<0.01）；钾离子浓度与胁迫前无显著性差异（P>0.05）。（2）急性低氧胁迫后，军曹鱼血清肝功能指标变化情况各异。其中，白蛋白含量与胁迫前略有降低，谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性与胁迫前略有上升，但差异均不具有统计学意义（P>0.05），总蛋白含量显著低于胁迫前（P<0.05），白蛋白和球蛋白比值则显著高于胁迫前（P<0.05），碱性磷酸酶极显著低于胁迫前（P<0.01）。（3）急性低氧胁迫后，军曹鱼血清葡萄糖和肌酐浓度均呈升高的变化，且与胁迫前差异极显著（P<0.01）。（4）急性低氧胁迫后，血清肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性均呈升高变化，肌酸激酶活性与胁迫前差异显著（P<0.05），乳酸脱氢酶活性与胁迫前差异极显著（P<0.01）。（5）低氧胁迫后，军曹鱼血脂指标变化情况各异，其中总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白浓度呈极显著降低的变化（P<0.01），低密度脂蛋白浓度呈显著升高的变化（P<0.05），甘油三酯浓度略有升高，但不具有统计学意义（P>0.05）。研究表明，急性低氧胁迫后，军曹鱼大部分血液生化指标发生显著性变化，预示着肝脏、肾脏及心脏组织造成损伤，使其机能出现紊乱。

Acute hypoxia stress on blood biochemical indexes of large-sized juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)

The blood biochemical indexes were measured to evaluate the effects of acute hypoxia stress on body metabolism and tissue function of cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Results of this study are:(1) electrolyte content in serum increases in response to the acute hypoxia stress; serum ion concentrations of sodium, chloride and calcium are significantly changed(P<0.01), however, no significant difference on the level of potassium concentration was detected. (2) As for the indexes of liver function in cobia under acute hypoxic stress, the albumin content slightly decreases, the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities slightly increase; the total protein content is lower than those of the fish with no treatment (P<0.05). The albumin/globulin ratio is significantly higher than that before stress (P<0.05), while alkaline phosphatase is significantly different from that before stress (P<0.01). (3) After acute hypoxia stress, the concentrations of serum glucose and creatinine in cobia significantly increase (P<0.01). (4) Serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities increase under acute hypoxia stress. Creatine kinase activity is significantly different from that before stress (P<0.05), while lactate dehydrogenase activity is significantly different from that before stress (P<0.01). (5) After hypoxic stress, the changes of blood lipid indexes are different. Among them, the total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein concentrations show a very significant decrease (P<0.01). The concentration of low density lipoprotein increases significantly (P<0.05), and the concentration of triglyceride increases slightly, but it is not statistically significant (P>0.05). These results indicate that most of the blood biochemical indicators of cobia show significant changes after acute hypoxic stress, indicating that the liver, kidney and heart tissue may have been damaged.