Parallel finite element analysis of seismic soil structure interaction using a PC cluster |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Offshore Structure and Analysis, Keppel Offshore and Marine Technology Centre Pte Ltd., Shipyard Road 31, Singapore 628130, Singapore;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E1A, #07-03, No. 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore;1. CNNC Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing, China;2. Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China;3. NJU-ECE, Institute for Underground and Geo-environment, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China;1. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China;2. National Joint Engineering Research Center of Geohazards Prevention in the Reservoir Areas, Chongqing 400045, China;3. Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610031, China;1. Chair of Mining Engineering and Mineral Economics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria;2. Institute of Physics, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Franz-Josef Strasse 18, 8700 Leoben, Austria;3. Sandvik Mining and Construction G.m.b.H, Alpinestrasse 1, 8740 Zeltweg, Austria;1. State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science, South China Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China;3. School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley 6102, Australia;4. Department of Infrastructure Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia |
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| Abstract: | This paper describes an implementation of a highly scalable parallel computational facility with high speedup efficiency using relatively low-cost hardware, which consists of a cluster of desktop personal computers (PCs) connected via a 10-Gigabit Ethernet. Two-levels of parallelization were implemented. Communication between different PCs was achieved using message passing interface (MPI) protocol. Domain decomposition was automated and based on element numbering. Domain continuity was assured largely by re-numbering the elements using a “front squasher” code prior to decomposition. Within each PC, the shared memory parallelization was implemented using either the open-multiprocessing (OpenMP) or the MPI protocol. Analysis of three different problems with number of degrees-of-freedom ranging from about 129,000 to about 2,260,000 shows a speedup efficiency generally above 70%. Super-linear speedup was achieved in several of the cases examined in this study, with the hybrid MPI-OpenMP approach generally performing better compared to the pure MPI method for parallelization. The results demonstrate the feasibility of acquiring a parallel computing facility with relatively modest outlay that is within the reach of consulting or engineering offices. |
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| Keywords: | Parallel finite element analysis Pre-conditioned conjugate gradient algorithm Message passing interface Soil structure interaction Seismic excitation |
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