南极夏季普里兹湾叶绿素a的时空变化研究

利用SeaWiFs、MODIS卫星数据所获取的南极普里兹湾表层海水叶绿素a（Chl-a）与海表温度（SST）的遥感数据，并结合我国2001-2011年南极科学考察所获得的现场数据，对该区域的海表温度、叶绿素a与营养盐的分布规律进行分析。结果表明：研究海区的叶绿素a的分布具有明显的区域特征，以陆架坡为界，湾内向湾外表现出明显的递减趋势；在湾内陆架区，浮游植物的旺发主要受海冰消融以及营养盐供给的影响，十年南极夏季叶绿素a浓度的遥感区域平均值为1.40mg/m3；在陆坡区，浮游植物的繁殖主要受到水文条件的影响，十年的夏季遥感平均值为0.44mg/m3；在湾外深海区，浮游植物的繁殖主要受到水文条件与铁元素的影响，浓度较低，十年的夏季遥感平均值为0.25mg/m3。在整个南极夏季，研究海域每月的叶绿素a浓度与海表温度呈现出一定的正相关性（R2=0.505），而在年际变化上，叶绿素a与海表温度的变化趋势也有着明显的相似性，表明温度是叶绿素a浓度的主要影响因素。通过研究多变量厄尔尼诺指数与湾内表层叶绿素a浓度的关系，可知在相对敏感的湾内陆架区，厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜可能会对叶绿素a的浓度产生影响，在厄尔尼诺年，叶绿素a的浓度较高；而在拉妮娜年，叶绿素a的浓度较低，表明高纬度海区浮游植物的生长与繁殖对中低纬度的ENSO事件存在一定的响应联系。

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF CHLOROPHYLL A DURING THE AUSTRAL SUMMER IN PRYDZ BAY,ANTARCTICA

Making use of the chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature (SST) derived from SeaWiFs and MODIS satellite ocean color date, and combining with the data in situ by Chinare, it discussed the distributions of SST, Chl-a and nutrients in austral summer in Prydz Bay, and the influencing factors were analyzed. As it turns out, the distribution of surface Chl-a in Prydz Bay showed significant characteristics, the surface Chl-a concentrations decreased offshore. In the shelf area, the bloom of phytoplankton was affected by the ablation of sea ice and the supply of nutrients. In the slope area, the growth of phytoplankton was mainly affected by the hydrological conditions. And in outside the Bay, the Chl-a concentration was much lower, and it was influenced by the lack of iron probably. In the last decade, the average of Chl-a concentrations of remote sensing were 1.40, 0.44 and 0.25 mg/m3 from the shelf to the outside, respectively. In astral summer, a high positive correlation between Chl-a with SST was founded in Prydz Bay, R2=0.505. The annual concentration variation showed that the Chl-a trended strongly related with SST, revealing that the temperature was the main factor. Using the relationship between the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) and the Chl-a concentration inner shelf area, it demonstrated that Chl-a concentration was much higher when EL Nino happened than that when La Nina happened, revealing that the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton at high-latitude has remarkable response with the ENSO occurred at Middle and low latitudes.