中山站高频雷达观测结果初步分析

中山站高频相干散射雷达于2010年4月建成投入观测，并加盟SuperDARN雷达观测网，成为我国探测电离层对流的重要手段。首先简要介绍中山站高频雷达的工作原理及工作模式，然后利用该雷达第一年的观测数据，给出了每个波束观测的电离层回波总数随距离和回波强度、多普勒速度及谱宽的分布，以及电离层回波发生率随频率的变化特性。观测结果和射线追踪的模拟计算表明，由于波束指向不同，电波波矢方向与地磁场形成正交条件的区域有所不同，因此会造成不同频率下，不同波束观测的电离层回波发生率的差别。

INITIAL RESULTS FROM THE ZHONGSHAN HF RADAR IN ANTARCTICA

The HF coherent scatter radar is one of the most powerful tools to probe the ionosphere convection. Zhongshan HF radar has been built and operational since April, 2010 and became one of the SuperDARN radars. Firstly, the operational principle and mode of Zhongshan HF radar in Antarctica have been introduced, then the distribution of ionospheric echoes at each of 16 beams and the variation of ionospheric echoes with frequency have been analyzed with the first year’s observation. Finally, the occurrence of ionospheric echoes in different frequencies has been presented. The results from observation and simulation by ray tracing show that, statistically, the difference of ionospheric echoes occurrence between beams for different frequencies is arising from the direction of beam pointing and the area that the beam can achieve the orthogonality condition between the wave vector and the earth’s magnetic field.