云南月季气温时空变化特征

用主分量分析研究云南气温变化特点，结果表明，气温变化在空间上区域分布特点明显，时间变化呈升温趋势，且秋、冬升温明显。月、季气温空间分布呈现全省一致型、东西型、东北西南型等3种主要分布类型。通过对主分量的分析，冬季用较少的主分量就能描述气温的空间分布，而夏季需要较多的主分量才能描述气温的空间分布。不同季节的气温变化趋势不尽相同，夏季主分量有下降趋势，其它季节有上升趋势。20世纪70年代中期开始夏季气温逐渐上升，90年代中期开始秋、冬气温明显上升，且月间变化振幅较大。

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF MONTHLY AND SEASONAL TEMPERATURE VARIATION DISTRIBUTION IN YUNNAN PROVINCE

Use principal component analysis method to research temperature variety characteristics in Yunnan province, the results indicate that temperature variety spatial distribution the district distributes the characteristics obviously, the temporal variation rise, temperature in autumn and summer rise obviously. The monthly and seasonal temperature distributions may be divided into three types, i.e. unanimous distribution, east to west distribution and northeast to southwest distribution. Use the less principal component can describe spatial distribution in winter, but need the more can describe in summer through the principal component analysis. The variations of temperature are different from four seasons, the principal components in summer decline, and rise in other seasons. The temperature in summer had rising from the middle of 1970＇s, obvious rising in autumn and winter from the middle of 1990＇s, and month variety flap bigger.