农业生态系统模式的优化设计探讨

对农业生态系统模式的优化设计原则、内容、方法与步骤进行了探讨。认为模式优化设计包括5大原则，即区域适宜性原则、实用性原则、经济与市场原则、持续性原则和科学性原则；农业生态系统模式设计的主要内容包括总体目标设计、产业结构设计、时空结构设计、食物链网设计、环境与生态形象设计、物质与资金投放和输入输出设计、技术体系设计、面向对象设计及系统集成与优化；农业生态系统设计的基本程序包括系统环境辨识、系统诊断、系统模型分析和方案设计、系统评价和方案选优、系统运行及反馈修正等内容。

DISCUSSION ON THE OPTIMAL DESIGN OF AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEM

The principles, contents, methods and procedures of optimal design for agroecosystems were discussed. Suitable, practical, economica, marketable, sustainable and scientific principle should be conducted in the design process of agroecosystem. The main content of the optimal design involves overall objectives, industrial structure, temporal spatial structure, food chain or food web, eco environmental image, structure of input and output of matter,energy, fund and information, technological system, and integration and optimization facing farmers for ecosystem models. The ecological design includes following procedures such as environmental discrimination, diagnosis, model analysis and program design, assessment and optimal selection of programs, functioning, monitoring feedback and justification of the designed agroecosystem.