华北陆块铁矿床地质特征和资源潜力展望

华北陆块是我国重要铁矿资源的分布区,铁矿石主要开采区,也是我国钢铁工业的重要分布区。区内保有铁矿资源储量299.48亿吨,占全国总资源储量51.94%。区内各省市的铁矿资源分布极不均匀,以辽宁、河北、山西三省铁矿资源最为集中,其资源储量达220.26亿吨,占全区总铁矿资源储量75.55%。区内矿床类型较为齐全,主要的有(火山)沉积变质型铁矿床、接触交代型铁矿床、岩浆型铁矿床、复合成矿作用型铁矿床、沉积型铁矿床、热液型铁矿床、海相火山岩型铁矿床等,其中以(火山)沉积变质型铁矿床最为重要,其资源储量占全区总资源储量84.02%;其次为邯邢式接触交代型铁矿床,资源储量占全区总资源储量6.19%。该区铁矿床从太古宙到新生代都有产出,但不同地质时期产出铁矿床类型和规模不尽相同,并与区内地壳演化的特征紧密相关。太古宙是区内最重要的地质时期,该时期形成铁矿资源储量占总资源储量79.87%,广泛分布在各古老结晶基底的变质岩系内。其次为元古宙和中生代,它们资源储量分别占总资源储量的12.6%和7.06%。该区铁矿资源寻找的主要类型是条带状铁建造型铁矿床,其次是邯邢式。除上述两个主要类型外,各省根据各自地质特征,对河北岩浆型大庙式,山东热液型朱崖式等其它铁矿类型,也需要进行地质找矿。该区资源潜力还是较大的。

Geological Character and Potential Resources of Iron Deposits in the North China Block

The North China Block is the distributive province of the important iron ore reserve,the main-iron-ore-mining region,and is also the important district of the iron and steel industry in China.There is 29.948 Gt iron ore basic reserve and resources in the North China Block,occupied 51.94% of the total iron ore resources in China.The iron ore resources are not evenly distributed in the North China Block.It mainly concentrated in the Liaoning,Shanxi and Hebei provinces.There is 22.026 Gt iron ore basic reserve and resources in the 3 provinces,occupied 75.55% of the total.In this area iron deposits are mainly subdivided into:(volcanic)meta-sedimentary type,contact-metasomatic type,magmatic type,complex type,sedimentary type,hydrothermal type,marine volcanic type,etc.Among them the(volcanic)meta-sedimentary type is the most important one.The resources occupies 84.02% of the total.The second one is the Han-Xin contact-metasomatic type.It keeps quantity to 6.19% of the whole area resources.The iron deposits are developed from Archean to Cenozoic.Tthe type and scale are closely related with the crustal evolution.Archean is the most important geological period in which the iron ore resources formed occupies 79.87% of the total.The second important one is Proterozoic,and the third is Mesozoic,the iron ore resources are occupies 12.6% and 7.06% of the total respectively.The hunting goal of the iron ore in this area should be(volcanic) meta-sedimentary type,then Han-Xin contact-metasomatic type.The iron ore resources in this area have great potentiality.