Yesterday's Freeway Network of Tomorrow

In 1939, the Futurama exhibit at the New York World's Fair amazed visitors with its diorama showing futuristic freeways crossing the countryside and reshaping cities. After the fair, the exhibit's designer, Norman Bel Geddes, elaborated the model into a proposal for a national freeway network. This paper examines the network structure and geographic dimensions of Bel Geddes's vision and compares it to the Interstate Highway System, created several years later. Despite the futuristic trappings inherited from the Futurama model, the two networks are surprisingly similar except in their relation to cities, which Bel Geddes's network avoids. The majority of elements in Bel Geddes's system have been incorporated into actual routes and networks, and it can be expected that his system would have gone through many of the same adaptations to changing economic, environmental, and political circumstances as the Interstate Highway System.