滨海核电冷源取水区风险生物的分类及特征分析

近年来由海洋生物入侵造成的核电冷源安全事件频发,表明冷源安全已成为核电安全与可靠的重要影响因素,受到社会高度关注。本文对国内外发生的主要冷源安全事件进行统计分析,归纳总结冷源致灾生物的分类特征及其致灾机制,探讨致灾生物的筛选及分级预警标准,解析相关的探测技术、预警手段及处置方法,提出致灾生物研究中亟待解决的关键科学与技术问题,以期为更好应对解决滨海核电冷源安全问题提供参考与理论依据。

Classification and characteristics of the risk organisms in cold source water intake area of coastal nuclear power plants

In recent years, there have been frequent incidents related to cold source safety at nuclear power plants caused by marine organisms, indicating that cold source safety is an important factor that affects nuclear power safety and reliability. In this paper, the main incidents at a national and international level are analyzed to summarize the classification and characteristics of organisms that cause cooling-water system disasters, discuss the screening and grading of the early warning standards of these organisms, and analyze relevant detection technologies. Finally, the key scientific and technical problems needing urgent resolution are proposed to provide a reference and theoretical basis for better dealing with the safety problems of coastal nuclear power cold sources.