Angler perceptions of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) depredation and marine policy in Southern California |
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| Institution: | 1. TI Institute of Sea Fisheries, Palmaille 9, 22767 Hamburg, Germany;2. CNR—IAMC, Via G. da Verrazzano 17, 91014—Castellammare del Golfo, TP, Italy;3. Deltares, Marine and Coastal Systems Unit, PO Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands;4. Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), PO Box 68, 1970 AB, IJmuiden, The Netherlands;5. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7 km Athens-Sounio, 19013 Anavyssos, Greece;6. Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, Campus Sterre—S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;7. Cefas, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK;8. Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Animal Sciences Unit, Aquatic Environment and Quality, Bio-Environmental Research Group, Ankerstraat 1, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium;9. Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Management Unit of the Mathematical Model of the North Sea (MUMM), Marine Ecosystem Management Section, Gulledelle 100, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;10. Institute of Marine Research, PB 1870 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway;11. AquaBiota Water Research, Löjtnantsgatan 25, SE-115 50 Stockholm, Sweden;12. AZTI-Tecnalia, Marine Research Division; Herrera Kaia, Portualdea s/n, 20110 Pasaia, Spain;13. International Centre for Island Technology, Heriot-Watt University, Old Academy, Stromness, Orkney KW16 3AW, UK;14. Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstancow Warszawy 55, PL-81712 Sopot, Poland;15. Capture Fisheries Section, Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs (MRRA), Fort San Lucjan, Marsaxlokk BBG 1283, Malta;1. School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;2. Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;3. Marine Policy Center, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA |
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| Abstract: | California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) off the coast of Southern California are known to damage both commercial and recreational fishing activities, causing decreases to fish catch and damage to gear. Their increasing population has intensified the potential for conflict between sea lions and anglers, likely requiring changes to current legislation. The recreational fishing community in Southern California is a valuable and largely underutilized source for information and potential solutions to management and legislative problems. This recreational fishing survey-based study conducted in 2013 utilized personal interviews, conducted in the field with recreational anglers and commercial passenger fishing vessel (CPFV) crews in Southern California, to gather data on: (a) the occurrence and impact of sea lion depredation on the local fishing, (b) angler awareness and opinions on current legislation, and (c) the conflict between fishing activities and conservation efforts. Results show that surveyed CPFV operators and private boaters had the most conflict with sea lions and perceive them as more of a problem than anglers on piers, jetties or kayaks. The conflict was also reportedly more prevalent in San Diego County compared to the other counties surveyed (Orange, Los Angeles and Ventura). Participating CPFV operators were overwhelmingly in support of a government culling program for sea lions, while recreational angler respondents did not feel that a control program was necessary. These CPFV operators reported more money lost, and were willing to pay more for an effective deterrent device. There was also a consensus among respondents that fish catch is declining, yet anglers were unsatisfied with the effectiveness of current legislation designed to increase fish stocks. These data will provide a better understanding of California sea lion depredation in Southern California and its effect on recreational anglers in order to aid future mitigation efforts. Additionally, these results provide stakeholder feedback on local marine protected areas and other fisheries management legislation, and build a foundation for future conservation and education programs. |
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| Keywords: | California sea lion Depredation Deterrent device Marine protected area Conservation Marine policy |
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