胶州湾海域浮游植物和赤潮物种的生物多样性研究进展

胶州湾是我国的一个典型近海海湾,也是近海生态系统的缩影.历史上胶州湾海域赤潮频发,因此也是研究赤潮暴发机制(包括赤潮物种组成、时空动态变化及对环境因子响应)的理想实验场所.迄今,几代科学家对胶州湾浮游植物和赤潮物种开展了长期而系统的调查研究,获得了大量的研究成果.为了系统跟踪胶州湾海域浮游植物群落组成,尤其是赤潮物种的...

Advances in biodiversity analysis of phytoplankton and harmful algal bloom species in the Jiaozhou Bay

The Jiaozhou Bay is the epitome of China''s coastal ecosystem and an ideal site for research on harmful algal blooms (HABs). Intensive expeditions conducted by several generations of scientists have been carried out to investigate phytoplankton and HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay, which has resulted in the publication of valuable investigation records. In this review article, we have systematically summarized the phytoplankton and HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay through the examination of the results from 54 expeditions over the past 84 years (1936-2019). Cumulatively, these expeditions identified 549 phytoplankton species, including 326 Bacillariophyta, 164 Dinoflagellata, 21 Chlorophyta, 9 Chrysophyta, 9 Cryptophyta, 6 Ochrophyta, 5 Haptophyta, 3 Cyanophyta, 2 Xanthophyta, 2 Katablepharidophyta, 1 Euglenophyta, and 1 Rhaphidophyta. Among these, only 40.29% of all species had full-length 18S rDNA sequence, indicating that the molecular marker database needs to be further improved to promote the effective application of metabarcoding analysis. The dominant phytoplankton in the Jiaozhou Bay varied greatly with time, albeit the ratio of Dinoflagellata to Bacillariophyta species did not indicate any significant shifts. A total of 153 HAB species were identified, including 79 Bacillariophyta, 67 Dinoflagellata, 2 Haptophyta, 2 Chrysophyta, 1 Ochrophyta, 1 Xanthophyta, and 1 Rhaphidophyta. The representative dominant HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay include Skeletonema costatum, Eucampia zodiacus, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Asterionella kariana, A. japonica, Coscinodiscus asteromphalus, and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens. Among these, S. costatum and E. zodiacus can be regarded as the "resident" species in the Jiaozhou Bay. Through the systematic statistical analysis of the biodiversity of phytoplankton and HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay, the present review could lay the foundation for the further study of the evolution of phytoplankton and HAB species in the Jiaozhou Bay and the other ocean regions.