40Ar/39Ar and ESR/U-series dates for Guado San Nicola,Middle Pleistocene key site at the Lower/Middle Palaeolithic transition in Italy |
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| Institution: | 1. Département de Préhistoire du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, UMR 7194 du CNRS, 1 rue René Panhard, 75013, Paris, France;2. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;3. Sezione di Scienze Preistoriche e Antropologiche, Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, C.so Ercole d’Este I, 32, Ferrara, Italy;4. Ecole française de Rome, Piaza Farnese, IT-00186, Roma, Italy;5. College of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China;6. CEA, LIST, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France;7. Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Germany;1. Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia;2. Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain;3. Anthropological and Palaeoenvironmental Department, The Institute of Archaeology of Vietnam, Hanoi, Viet Nam;4. UMR 5288 du CNRS, AMIS Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse, Faculté de chirurgie dentaire, Montrouge, France;5. Département Homme Nature Société, UMR 7206 du CNRS, Muséum National d''Histoire Naturelle, Musée de l''Homme, Paris, France;6. Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR 7516 du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;7. School of Archaeology and Anthropology, The Australian National University, Canberra, 2601, Australia;1. Soil Geography and Landscape Group & Netherlands Centre for Luminescence Dating, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands;2. Centre for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark;1. CEA, LIST, Laboratoire Fiabilité et Intégration Capteurs, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;2. Nicomatic - 173, rue des Fougères - Zone industrielle les Bracots 74890, Bons-En-Chablais, France;1. CEA, LIST, Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel (LNE-LNHB), CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France;2. CEA, DEN, DER, Laboratoire de Dosimétrie, Capteurs et Instrumentation (LDCI), Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France;3. CEA, DEN, DRSN, Laboratoire de Support aux Programmes d''Irradiation (LSPI), CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France;4. CEA, DEN, DEC, Laboratoire d''Analyses Radiochimiques et Chimiques (LARC), Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul-lez-Durance, France;1. CEA, DSM/IRFU, Astrophysics Division, 91191 GIF-SUR-YVETTE Cedex, France;2. CEA, LIST, Sensors and Electronic Architectures Laboratory, 91191 GIF-SUR-YVETTE Cedex, France |
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| Abstract: | The Middle Pleistocene archaeological site of Guado San Nicola was discovered in 2005 in a fossil fluvial terrace of the Volturno River, close to the village of Monteroduni, Molise, Italy. Palaeontological remains and lithic artefacts, including both handaxes and Levallois, discoid and opportunistic debitage, were recovered in fluvial and slope sediments rich in volcanoclastic materials. This site includes four distinct human occupation levels. In two of them both “shaping-façonnage” and “knapping-débitage” technologies are highlighted, placing this site at the Lower/Middle Palaeolithic transition.In the present study, geochronological analyses by 40Ar/39Ar on single-crystal and ESR/U-series on teeth were performed to precise the chronological framework of the occupations. The 40Ar/39Ar data obtained securely bracket the human occupation levels at the transition between the interglacial and glacial marine isotopic stages MIS 11 (i.e. 400 ± 9 ka) and MIS 10 (i.e. 345 ± 9ka). The weighted mean age obtained from ESR/U-series dating of six teeth (i.e. 364 ± 36 ka) is in very good agreement with the 40Ar/39Ar results. The radio-isotopic constraints we presented place the Guado San Nicola site as one of the earliest testimonies of Levallois debitage in Western Europe and confirm the potential and accuracy of paleo-dosimetric methods to date Middle Pleistocene sites. |
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| Keywords: | ESR/U-series Italy Middle Palaeolithic transition Levallois technologies |
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