空间弯扭钢桥数字化建造关键技术分析

随着城市建设的高质量发展,桥梁作为城市交通的重要元素,其外观设计更加现代化,尤其是造型美观的空间弯扭钢结构桥梁备受青睐,这对复杂桥梁的设计、加工制造和精益建造提出了更高的标准要求与技术挑战。本文以全球首例弯扭钢塔斜拉钢构体系桥——新首钢大桥的全数字化建造为研究对象,通过对数字化设计、绿色智能建造及精密测控关键技术的系统研究和应用,实现了基于“骨架+模板”的非一致倾斜空间扭转钢塔节段与变截面高腹板主梁精细化、参数化协同设计,并通过可调参数、虚拟预拼装及三维激光扫描等技术保障了桥梁各构件的高精度制造与钢塔节段的高精度无应力架设。

Key technologies analysis for digital construction of space bending-torsional steel bridge

With the high-quality development of urban economy and environment, as the important element of urban transportation, the appearance design of bridges is more modern. The steel structure bridges with beautiful spatial bending and torsion structures are favored, which poses higher standard requirements and technical challenges for the design, fabrication and lean construction of complex bridges. Manufacturing and lean construction present higher standards and technical challenges. This paper takes the fully digital construction of the Xin Shougang bridge, the world's first example of a cable-stayed steel system bridge with bending and torsional steel towers, as the research object. Through the systematic research and application of key technologies of digital design, green intelligent construction and precise measurement and control, the refined and parametric collaborative design of steel tower segments and main beams has been realized which based on the modeling idea of “skeleton+template”. Segments are characterized by non-uniformly inclined spatial torsion and beams are characterized by variable section. The high-precision manufacturing of bridge components and the high-precision stress-free erection of steel tower segments are ensured through technologies such as adjustable parameters, virtual pre-assembly, and 3D laser scanning.