利用智能手机GNSS信噪比反演三维地图的方法

本文利用智能手机GNSS信噪比观测值在建筑物周围的变化特征，分析其与建筑物对GNSS信号遮挡的关系，提出了一种二维概率地图的概率消减反演算法和建筑高度的邻近边界点体素化反演算法，进而采用大量观测数据反演三维地图，并对反演精度进行分析。试验结果表明，在5 m栅格地图上，取高度角为5°以上卫星的GNSS信噪比数据，达9000历元时各项精度趋于稳定，超过12 000历元时反演的建筑物中心坐标、建筑面积、角点点位及建筑高度综合效果最佳。其中心点位误差为1.16～1.74 m,面积误差为1.12%～2.39%,角点误差绝对均值为5.00～5.30 m,均方根误差为5.82～6 m,建筑高度误差为0.04～2.1 m,基本实现了利用智能移动终端GNSS信噪比数据反演三维地图的目标。

A method of 3D map inversion using smart phone GNSS signal-to-noise ratio

Based on the variation characteristics of smart phone GNSS signal-to-noise ratio around buildings, this paper analyzes its relationship with the occlusion of buildings to GNSS signals, and puts forward a probability subtraction inversion algorithm of two-dimensional probability map and a voxelized inverse algorithm of adjacent boundary points of building height, and then studies the inversion of three-dimensional map using a large number of observation data. The inversion accuracy is analyzed. The experimental results show that on the 5m grid map, taking the GNSS signal-to-noise ratio data of satellites with an altitude angle of more than 5°, the accuracy tends to be stable when reaching 9000 epoch. The comprehensive effect of building center coordinates, building area, corner position and building height retrieved at 12000 epoch is the best. The center position error is 1.16~1.74m, the area error is 1.12%~2.39%, and the absolute mean value of corner error is 5.00~5.30m, the root mean square error is 5.82m and the building height error is 0.04~2.1m. The goal of 3D map inversion using GNSS signal-to-noise ratio data of intelligent mobile terminal is basically realized.