河流潜流带地表-地下水过程对典型水生生物活动的响应研究进展

河流潜流带是地表-地下水连通和交换的主要区域，地表-地下水过程不仅促进了生源物质的迁移转化过程，还能涵养水源、稳定区域生境，为水生生物提供良好的栖息环境。因此掌握水生生物活动与地表-地下水交换关系是深刻认知和科学保护水生生态系统的关键。本文综述了前人有关水生生物活动反馈于地表-地下水交换过程的研究，例如，底栖微生物形成的生物膜可以吸收或滞留生源物质，改变迁移的时间和路径；水生动物的行为可能通过改变河床渗透系数和孔隙率等物理参数影响各类物质的地表-地下水交换通量；水生植物对水流的阻滞和扰动也会作用于地表-地下水交换过程。基于目前研究，本文提出了该领域的3个未来研究方向：潜流交换和水生生物互馈理论，水生生态功能与地表-地下水相互作用关系，河流潜流带生物-地球-化学耦合过程。

Advances in the response of surface-subsurface water exchange to activities of typical aquatic organisms in the hyporheic zone of rivers

The river hyporheic zone is the main area of surface-subsurface connection and exchange. Surface-subsurface water exchange promotes the transport and transformation of biogenic substances and can conserve water resources, stabilize regional ecological environment, which provide a great habitat for aquatic life. Therefore, understanding the relationship between the activities of aquatic animals and surface-subsurface water exchange is the key to deep cognition and scientific protection of aquatic ecosystems. This paper reviews previous studies on the feedback of aquatic activities to the surface-subsurface water exchange process, for example, the biofilm formed by benthic microorganisms can absorb or retain biogenic substances, prolonging and changing the migration time and path of substances; the activities of aquatic animals can affect the physical characteristics of riverbed, such as permeability and porosity of streambed, which in turn affect the hyporheic exchange flux and substances transformation efficiency; the block and disturbance of water flow by aquatic plants can also affect the surface-subsurface water exchange process. According to the current researches in this field, three important research directions of the relationship between river hyporheic exchange and aquatic organisms are proposed in this study: the theory of mutual feeding between hyporheic exchange and aquatic organisms; relationship between surface-subsurface water exchange and aquatic ecological function; biogeochemical coupling processes in hyporheic zone.