论鄂尔多斯历史农业

鄂尔多斯是古"河套人"的故乡,是中国北方各民族最早活动的历史舞台。这里以其悠久的历史、丰富的物产、灿烂的草原文化闻名遐迩。特殊的草原自然环境,吸引了大漠南北众多游牧民族和部落的人民在这里劳动、生息、繁衍,与中原王朝分庭抗礼;濒临中原腹地的战略位置和宜耕宜牧的资源条件,警示着中原王朝不惜国力加强对这一地区的控制。鄂尔多斯地处黄河流域,是中国原始农业的起源和发展中心之一。中原王朝控制之下,以农业著称,游牧民族占据时,则以畜牧业见长。亦耕亦牧,形成了农牧结合的经济结构,为多民族地区的形成和社会发展做出了历史性的贡献。然而,掠夺性的经营,以牺牲自然环境为代价,加速了该地区的沙漠化。今天,实行农牧业产业化,退耕还林还草,休牧轮牧,是建设山川秀美的鄂尔多斯的必由之路。

On Ordos Historical Agriculture

Ordos is the hometown of the ancient " Hetao People"and the historical arena of the earliest activities of the various ethnic groups living in the north of China. It is renowned for its long history,abundant produce and brilliant prairie culture. Many nomadic ethnic groups and tribes from the south and the north of the Inner Mongolia Plateau were attracted by the special nature environment to labor,live and multiply on this prairie area. It was its strategic location being close to the hinterland of Central Plains and its resource conditions suitable for both cultivating and grazing that made the dynasties on Central Plains strengthen the control over the region at all costs. Ordos, located in the Yellow River Basin and as one of the centers of the Chinese primitive agriculture, was well known for its agriculture when reigned by the Central Plain Dynasties and famous for its animal husbandry when occupied by the nomadic ethnic groups. Both cultivating and grazing have shaped the economic structure of agriculture and animal husbandry, which has made a great deal of historical contribution to the formation of the multi\|nation region and social development. However,desertification has accelerated because of predatory management at the cost of sacrificing the natural environment. So today,the industrialization of agriculture and animal husbandry, planting trees and grass on cultivated land, rotation pasturing and fallow grazing are the only way to build a beautiful Ordos.