两种评价大型底栖动物堵塞滨海核电站冷源系统的风险指数

大型底栖动物是滨海湿地常见生物类群，有报道属于大型底栖动物的海地瓜(Acaudina molpadioidea)等堵塞滨海核电厂冷源系统。本研究根据2017年10月至2018年7月在大亚湾潮下带52个站位用采泥器获得的4个季节大型底栖动物数据，以及2021年3月在大亚湾潮下带4个站位底拖网获得的海地瓜数据，建立了2种评价大型底栖动物堵塞滨海核电站冷源系统的风险指数，即采泥器法风险指数(grappler method risk index, GMRI)和底拖网法风险指数(bottom trawl risk index，BTRI)。在大亚湾7种大型底栖动物中，除了冬季和春季的双鳃内卷齿蚕(Aglaophamus dibranchis)，以及夏季的短吻铲荚螠(Listriolobus brevirostris)的GMRI超过50%外，毛头梨体星虫(Apionsoma trichocephala)、冠奇异稚齿虫(Paraprionospio cristata)、波纹巴非蛤(Paratapes undulatus)、海地瓜和棘刺锚参(Protankyra bidentata)等的GMRI均小于50%，即处于低风险或极低风险等级。2021年3月大亚湾潮下带D13站位海地瓜的BTRI为65%，处于高风险等级，而D11、D21和D31站位海地瓜的BTRI分别为31%、19%和33%，处于低风险或极低风险等级。采泥器法的优点是可定量计算所采集的大型底栖动物的栖息密

Two risk indices for benthic macrofauna entrapment evaluation on the water intake systems in coastal nuclear power plants

Benthic macrofauna are common in coastal wetlands. It was reported that some benthic organisms such as Acaudina molpadioides and so on blocked the water intake system of coastal nuclear power plants (NPPs). Accor-ding to the data collected by bottom sampler from 52 sampling stations on the subtidal zone in Daya Bay over four seasons from October 2017 to July 2018 and Acaudina molpadioides collected by bottom trawl in March 2021, two risk indices, namely grappler method risk index (GMRI) and bottom trawl risk index (BTRI), were developed based on the evaluation of benthic organism entrapment on the water intake system in NPP. Among 7 benthic species in Daya Bay, the GMRI of species exceeded 50% included Aglaophamus dibranchis in winter and spring and Listriolobus brevirostris in summer. While the GMRIs of Apionsoma trichocephala, Paraprionospio cristata, Paratapes undulatus, Acaudina molpadioides and Protankyra bidentatawere less than 50%, which were classified as low risk or minimum risk. In March 2021, the BTRI of Acaudina molpadioides at station D13 in Daya Bay was 65%, which was classified as high risk. The BTRIs of Acaudina molpadioides at stations D11, D21 and D31 were 31%, 19% and 33%, respectively, which were classified as low or minimum risk. The advantage of the grappler method is that it can quantitatively calculate the density, biomass and occurrence frequency of benthic species, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to collect animals with similar morphological characteristics as Acaudina molpadioides. The advantages and disadvantages of the bottom trawling method are the same to the grappler method.