从熵原理得出的稳定层云的云滴谱方程

通过对层云的云滴大小的分布观测,揭示了其滴谱常里单峰偏态分布。这种谱的经常出现,表明它是一种优势谱。它的稳定性,从统计物理角度看也表示云体处于一种平衡态,而平衡态则对应某种熵达到极大值。 本文指出的熵是云滴表面自由能所对应的熵。文中用熵极大原理导出了稳定层云的云滴谱方程(公式11),並且用资料证实了这一理论与事实相符。

STEADY STRATUS CLOUD'S DROPLET SPECTRUM EQUATION DERIVED FROM ENTROPY PRINCIPLE

According to observational study, the distribution of the dropletd size of the steady stratus cloud normally has a steady figure. This droplet spectrum has a prevalent distribution with single peak and a skew feature. From a statistical physics viewpoint, if a system is in a steady state, it means this system arrives a equilibrium state and at the same time, some entropy which is responsible for the equilibrium state would reach to its maximum value. The entropy mentioned in the paper is the entropy correspond to the surface free energy of the cloud droplet (information entropy, not thermodynamic entropy ) . We had derived a formula of the droplet spectrum for steady stratus which based upon the maximized entropy of the droplet's surface energy. This deriving process is quite similar with the deriving of the Maxwell's velocity distribution, from the maximized entropy of the kinetic energy of those molecules. It has been verified that this equation (the formula (11)) was consistent with the observed droplet spectrum from steady stratus clouds.