安徽省区域旅游经济发展的时空格局演变

分析了安徽省区域旅游发展模式,以各市2001-2013年的旅游总收入、入境旅游收入和国内旅游收入为基础数据,从时间变化和空间演变两个方面分析安徽省区域旅游经济差异。结果表明：① 安徽省区域旅游产业的发展经历了点状模式、放射状模式、双核联动发展模式演化阶段;② 安徽省旅游经济发展不均衡,不同地市间旅游经济发展水平差异很大,国际旅游空间差异更是大于国内旅游,安徽省区域旅游经济空间差异的“南强北弱”基本格局没有发生根本的改变;③ 安徽省各地市旅游经济发展具有明显的首位分布特征,特别是入境旅游呈现出典型的首位分布,其总收入、国内旅游首位度大致经历了先降后升的演变,入境旅游首位度基本上呈现下降趋势,首位城市主要在黄山市和合肥市之间展开竞争;④ 旅游产业要素从时间角度看,旅游景区、旅行社和星级饭店增长迅速,从空间角度来看,旅游景区主要集中在黄山、安庆、六安等地,旅行社和星级饭店主要集中在合肥、黄山等地;⑤ 影响安徽省区域旅游时空格局演变的主要因素有旅游资源禀赋、旅游政策、交通网络、旅游市场需求、区域产业发展战略调整及区域经济发展水平等。

Temporal-spatial evolution patterns of regional tourism economic development in Anhui province

This paper first analyzes the development modes of regional tourism in Anhui province. Based on the basic data such as total tourism revenue, inbound tourism and domestic tourism revenue between 2001 and 2013 in each city, we analyze economic disparities of regional tourism from the perspectives of temporal variation and spatial evolution. The result shows that, firstly, the development of tourism industry in the region evolves from the dotted mode to the radial mode and then to the dual-core joint development mode. Secondly, economic development of Anhui tourism shows a big disparity among different cities. And the spatial disparity of international tourism is bigger than that of domestic tourism. Thus, the basic pattern that tourism economy of cities in southern Anhui gets ahead of that of cities in northern part has remained fundamentally unchanged. Thirdly, economic development of tourism in different cities of Anhui, inbound tourism in particular, is obviously characterized by the primacy distribution. And the urban primacy index of both the total revenue and domestic tourism has gone through a process of fall in the beginning and rise in the later stage. The urban primacy index of inbound tourism basically follows a downward trend, with the two cities of Huangshan and Hefei competing for the primary city. Fourthly, when elements of the tourism industry are viewed from the temporal perspective, tourist attractions, travel agencies and star hotels have grown rapidly. Viewed from the spatial perspective, tourist attractions are mainly located in Huangshan, Anqing and Lu'an, and travel agencies and star hotels mainly lie in Hefei and Huangshan. Finally, the main factors affecting the evolution of regional tourism economy in Anhui can be attributed to natural endowments of tourism resources, tourism policy, transportation networks, market demand of tourism, strategic adjustment of tourism industry development and level of regional economic development.