漠河-加格达奇段多年冻土区中俄原油管道运营以来的次生地质灾害研究——以MDX364处的季节性冻胀丘为例

通过对中俄原油管道漠河-加格达奇段多年冻土区的现场勘查研究, 统计了管道运营以来出现的冻土次生地质灾害主要有冻胀、融沉、水毁、冻胀丘、冰椎等. 在研究区域特定的气候背景下, 管道的修建和季节性变化的正油温运营, 破坏了管道周围冻土的水热平衡, 使得管道周围土体出现差异性冻胀和融沉, 这种差异性位移量的累积对管道安全稳定长期运营造成了威胁. 以管道里程MDX364处的冻胀丘为例, 利用探地雷达进行了现场探测. 结果表明: 管道周围存在的融区为冻胀丘的发生和发展提供了水源补给通道, 管道的热影响加速了冻胀丘的发展和消融, 2014年3-10月管道周围地表产生的差异性位移超过了1.1 m. 针对该次生开放型季节冻胀丘, 提出了修筑或疏通管道附近的排水通道、钻孔放水和保温排水渗沟等防治措施. 研究成果能为中俄原油管道的安全稳定运营提供技术支撑, 为其他冻土区管道设计施工和运营维护提供参考和依据.

Secondary geohazards along the operating Mohe-Jagdaqi section of China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline in permafrost regions: a case study on a seasonal frost mound at the Site MDX364

Secondary geohazards, such as thaw settlement, frost heave, frost mound and icing, have occurred in permafrost regions along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline (CRCOP) since January, 2011, when the pipeline began to operate. The construction and operation of the pipeline with a seasonally fluctuating warm oil temperature have broken the hydrothermal balance of the ground, resulting in differential frost heave and thaw settlement of the foundation soils around and under the pipeline. The accumulation of the differential displacement may cause damage to the pipeline. A frost mound in the Site MDX364 near Jagdaqi city, Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China, was sounded by using the EKKO 100 ground-penetrating radar. The mechanisms of the frost mound were discussed and then three relative mitigative measures were proposed in detail. This study is useful for construction, design, operation and maintenance of the CRCOP and other similar oil and gas pipelines in permafrost regions.