Decision support tools in marine spatial planning: Present applications,gaps and future perspectives |
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| Affiliation: | 1. AZTI, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Spain;2. TI Institute of Sea Fisheries, Palmaille 9, 22767 Hamburg, Germany;3. Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO, 7 Place Fontenoy, 75007 Paris, France;1. School of Planning, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Queen׳s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, United Kingdom;2. Hydraulics and Maritime Research Centre, University College Cork, Pouladuff Road, Togher, Cork, Co. Cork, Ireland;3. Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Naval Base, Haulbowline, Cobh, Co. Cork, Ireland;4. School of the Built Environment, University of Ulster, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, United Kingdom;1. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Center for Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Biogeography Branch SSMC4, 1305 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, United States;2. Centre for Marine and Coastal Policy Research, Marine Institute, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom;3. CSS-Dynamac Inc., 10301 Democracy Lane, Suite 300, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States;1. University of New South Wales, Institute of Environmental Studies, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Sydney 2052, Australia;2. Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW, Sydney 2052, Australia;3. Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Chowder Bay Road, Mosman, 2088 NSW, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Evidence-based decision making is an essential process for sustainable, effective, and efficient marine spatial planning (MSP). In that sense, decision support tools (DSTs) could be considered to be the primary assistant of planners. Although there are many DSTs listed in tool databases, most of them are conceptual and not used in real MSP implementation. The main objective of this review is to: (i) characterize and analyse the present use of the DSTs in existing MSP implementation processes around the world, (ii) identify weaknesses and gaps of existing tools, and (iii) propose new functionalities both to improve their feasibility and to promote their application. In total, 34 DSTs have been identified in 28 different MSP initiatives with different levels of complexity, applicability and usage purposes. Main characteristics of the tools were transferred into a DST matrix. It was observed that limited functionality, tool stability, consideration of economic and social decision problems, ease of use, and tool costs could be considered as the main gaps of existing DSTs. Future developments are needed and should be in the direction of the specific need of marine planners and stakeholders. Results revealed that DST developments should consider both spatial and temporal dynamics of the ocean, and new tools should provide multi-functionality and integrity; meanwhile they should be easy to use and freely available. Hence, this research summarised current use, gaps, and expected development trends of DSTs and it concludes that there is still a big potential of DST developments to assist operational MSP processes. |
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| Keywords: | Marine spatial planning Management plan Maritime activities Spatial use conflicts Spatially explicit tools Scenarios |
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