琥珀与柯巴树脂的有机成分及其谱学特征综述

琥珀与柯巴树脂都属于天然树脂，两者的物化性质有一定的相似性与过渡性，但成熟度的不同导致两者存在一定的差别。在综合国内外研究文献的基础上，分析了琥珀与柯巴树脂的形成过程，对比了两者在基本性质、FTIR，Raman，^13CNMR以及热分析等谱学特征方面的异同，发现由于柯巴树脂的成熟度低、lab—danoid型二萜化合物单体组分的质量分数高，造成其谱学特征与琥珀的略有不同。最后指出，要区分琥珀与柯巴树脂应以成熟度为判别依据，并综合分析两者的物化特性与谱学特征，才能得到较科学的结论。

Summary on Organic Components and Relevant Spectral Characteristics of Amber and Copal

Amber and copal belong to the natural resin,which are similar and transitional in the physical and chemical properties. But there are some differences between amber and copal according to the maturity. On the basis of the domestic and foreign literatures, the formation and evolution process of amber and copal are analysed and the differences and similarities are compared in the essential properties, FTIR, Raman, ^13C NMR spectroscopy with the thermal analysis. Due to the low maturity of copal with high concentrations of labdanoid diterpenoids monomers, the spectral characteristics of copal are slightly different from that of amber. Finally, the maturity could be the judgement for differentiating the amber and copal, combining with the physical and chemical properties and spectral characteristics, which could acquire the scientific conclusion.