近50年来山东城市体系的演化过程--基于城市中心性的分析

在前人工作的基础上,在简单讨论已有的相对中心性测度方法的基础上,根据研究目的对Tietz公式进行了一定的补充。利用1955年私营商业调查,1982年和2000年人口普查数据,通过NegF法和SumF法分析了近50年山东省中心城市的分布,及其紧密腹地、松散腹地的变动,勾勒出了1955年到2000年山东城市体系的动态演化过程。认识到山东省城市体系的发展是一个逐步复杂化、有序化的过程,由分别以青岛和济南为中心城市的两个子体系逐步演化至以青岛为中心城市的单一共同体系。在这一过程中,中心城市的等级性逐渐显化。

On the evolving process of urban system in Shandong Province in the last 50 years:a study based on urban centrality

Based on the previous studies, this paper firstly discussed the methods that were used to measure relative centrality, and according to the goal of the research, perfected the Formula Tietz. And the perfecting model of urban scale effects and regional difference effects was built in order to perfect the analyzing method that was used to deal with the temporal changing process of the relative centricity based on the Formula Tietz. At the same time, the paper developed Neg F method and Sum F method to analyze the changing process of the urban hinterland and the urban system. By using data of the survey on private business in 1955 and population census in 1982 and 2000, the quantified indexes of the population of the commerce including employees in catering trade and the service industry were used to analyze the centricity. And the paper analyzed the distribution of central cities in Shandong Province and changes of both their inseparable hinterlands and loose ones in the last 50 years by means of Neg F & Sum F. Furthermore, the paper recognized the following points. Firstly, Jinan and Qingdao were the cities with the highest centricity in the study period. There are obvious differences between the central cities and other cities. As the cities with the highest centricity, the order of Jinan and Qingdao changed in the study period. Secondly, the foreign serving capacity of Jinan city has been decreasing little by little since 1955. The foreign serving capacity of Qingdao increased from 1955 to 1982, but decreased from 1982 to 2000. Thirdly, the evolvement of urban system in Shandong Province was a complicated and order-oriented process, two sub-systems which were led by Qingdao and Jinan as central cities were evolving to a unitary system led by Qingdao. And during this process, the hierarchy of central cities became obvious.