集约化农区土地利用变化对土壤养分的影响——以河北省曲周县为例

以河北省曲周县为集约化农区的分析样区，通过对1980年、1999年土地利用类型变化和2期不同用地类型的土壤养分变化进行分析。结果表明：曲周县1980~1999年之间的土地利用类型以水浇地、旱地、菜地、园地、林地等农业用地类型为主，1980年农业用地类型占土地总面积的77.47%，1999年的农业利用类型占土地总面积的77.43%；但是土地利用类型也存在着转化，转化的顺序为荒草地向旱地、水浇地、菜地方向转化，旱地向水浇地、菜地方向转化；1980年土壤养分含量在不同用地类型间的变化顺序为水浇地>旱地>荒草地，差异幅度在2%～18%之间，1999年土壤养分含量在不同用地类型间的变化顺序为菜地>水浇地>旱地，差异幅度在18%～690%之间；2期对比分析表明，土壤养分含量除速效钾外不仅在相同用地类型之间增加幅度大，而且在转化后地用地类型之间也存在明显差异；土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷含量在不同土地利用类型中的变化顺序为菜地>水浇地>旱地>荒草地，速效钾含量变化的顺序为旱地>荒草地>菜地>水浇地。

The Influence of Land Use Change on Soil Fertility in Intensive Agricultural Region: A Case Study of Quzhou County, Hebei

Land use change is the results of interactions between physical factors and human activities, and it also leads to changes of soil nutrient. Taking Quzhou county of Hebei province as a case study, this paper analyzed the changes of land use types and the corresponding changes of soil fertilities from 1980 to 1999. The results are as follows: The convert order of land use type is from grassland to farmland, from farmland to irrigable land, from irrigable land to vegetable land; the change extent of organic matter, total-N, and available-P content is different among different land use types in 1980 and 1999, the order of content change in different land use types is irrigable land > farmland > grassland, but the range is from 2% to 18%; the order of content change in different land use types in 1999 is vegetable land > irrigable land > farmland, but the range is 18%-690%; and the change extent of organic matter, total-N and available-P content is different among different land use types from 1980 to 1999, the order of content change in different land use types is vegetable land > irrigable land > farmland > grassland.