Extinction Behavior of Soil at 26.5 to 110 GHz

Soil electromagnetic properties at the microwave frequencies have been extensively documented in the literature. However, similar information at the higher millimeter frequencies is not available. A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the extinction behavior of wet and dry soil at millimeter wavelengths (26.5–110 GHz). For dry soil, the extinction coefficient increased from 0.02 to 0.6 $hbox{cm}^{-1}$ as the frequency increased from 26.5 to 110 GHz. The presence of even a small amount of water in the soil (5% by weight) reduced the penetration of millimeter wave signals into soil by a factor of ten.