四川省茂县风能资源初步分析

采用1971~2000年气候整编资料数据,初步分析了茂县的风能资源状况。结果表明:(1)由于特定的地理地形条件所致,其风能资源在四川为最大值地区之一,在横断山地区也为最大值地区之一。虽然年平均风能密度仅为27.44 W/m²(县气象局观测资料计算)。但当地风具有一年四季风速较大、风向稳定、定时起风等特点,其风能应具有较大的开发利用价值。(2)茂县的风有如下特点:一年四季都有风,冬春季最大(12月~次年5月平均风速达4.1m/s),秋季次之(10~11月平均风速达3.6m/s),夏季最小(6~9月平均风速达3.4m/s),以3月最大,平均风速达4.6m/s,以9月最小,平均风速只有3.2m/s。据茂县局3次观测的2分钟的平均风速来看,早上多为静风,在这种情况下多年平均风速仍然达到了3.8m/s,为全省最大。(3)根据茂县本站的风观测资料计算该县属于风能资源较贫乏地区,但该县由于地形复杂,县气象局观测资料不能完全代表该县的特殊风能分布情况,需要在实地调查的基础上,选择风速较大的地区建立风能观测点积累风能实测资料,为该县开发风能资源造福当地人民提供更科学、更具有说服力的数据。

A Preliminary Analysis of Wind Energy Resources in Mao county, Sichuan Province

Based on reorganized climate data from 1971 to 2000, the situation of the wind energy resources in Mao County was preliminary analyzed in this paper.The result shows that:(1) As the result of a specific geographical terrain conditions, the wind energy resource of Mao County is one of the most abundance areas in Sichuan and Hengduan Mountain area.Although the annual average wind energy density is only 27.44 W/m2 (calculated by the observations of Meteorological Bureau of Mao County), the local wind speed is large throughout the year with a stable wind direction and winds usually starts at fixed time.Therefore the local wind energy should have a great value of exploitation and utilization. (2) The characteristics of wind in Mao County are as follows:There are windy days in all seasons.Wind is strong in winter and spring (from December to May in the next year, the average wind speed is around 4.1m/s), moderate in autumn (in October and November, the average wind speed is as much as 3.6m/s), and quite gentle in summer (from June to September, the average wind speed is as much as 4.1m/s).In March, the wind is the strongest, the speed could be 4.6m/s, and in September is the softest, only have a speed of 3.2 m/s.According to the average wind speed during 2 minutes observed 3 times a day by Meteorological Bureau of Mao County, although it is mostly calm wind in the morning, the average wind speed during many years is still as much as 3.8 m/s, the strongest in the province. (3) The calculation based on the observations of meteorological station in Mao County shows that the county's wind energy resources seem relatively poor, but due to complex terrain of the county, the observation data by the Meteorological Bureau of Mao County cannot be fully representative of the particular wind energy distribution of the whole County.It is necessary to build wind observation stations in the areas with bigger wind speed so as to accumulate information of actual situation of wind energy, and to provide more scientific and convincing data for the exploitation of wind energy resources in Mao County to benefit the local people.