地理学思想变革的案例剖析:哈维的学术转型

大卫·哈维的学术转型是当代西方地理学发展的一个重要现象,也是地理学思想创新的一个典型案例.本文聚焦于哈维空间观的转型,通过解析哈维学术转型的代表论著,认为哈维关于空间的认识论立场主要经历了以实证主义相对空间观为主的“多维”空间观、“社会过程一空间形式”统一体、历史一地理唯物主义空间体系三个阶段.这三个阶段基本对应于他作为实证主义、激进主义、马克思主义地理学代表人物的历史.导致哈维学术转型的原因主要是剧变的社会政治环境、其个人禀赋和志趣、工作环境、地理学学科发展状况等.哈维的学术转型对中国地理学理论和方法创新具有重要借鉴意义,启示我们正确对待逻辑实证主义地理学；直面现实社会重大问题,洞察其深层次原因并建树理论；以“独立之精神,自由之思想”为学术研究和社会发展做出应有的贡献.

Analyzing the Turns of David Harvey's Scholarship:A Case Study on the Innovation of Geographical Thought

David Harvey transformed from a positivist to a radicalist,and to a Marxist in the end.The turns of his scholarship are an important phenomenon in the western geography,and a typical case of innovation in geographical thought and epistemology. According to analyzing some representative works of Harvey,this paper focuses on epistemological problems,particularly the transformation of Harvey’s view on space because of’space as a keyword’in geography in accordance with Harvey himself.It is argued that his scholarship career mainly at least experienced three stages:the view of the relative but multidimensional space,the view of uniting’social-process- spatial-form’and the view of historical-geographical materialism spatial system.The three stages are corresponding with Harvey’s scholarship career as a positivist,a radicalist,and finally a Marxist.On the basis of the statements of Harvey himself,this article sums up that there are some reasons why he fulfilled the shifts,i.e.the drastically changing social and political conditions,his individual interests and gifts, his working circumstances,the need for geography at that time,the other occasional factors.Harvey’s academic transformation implies significance and inspiring for Chinese geographers.The geographers of China should treat correctly logical positivism geography,be confronted with key social practical problems and inquire into the deep reasons and build theories.Based on the principles of’independent spirit, free thinking’,Chinese geographers can contribute more to academy and society.