自然灾害风险地图中的制图综合研究——以点状承灾体为例

为提高多尺度灾害风险地图表达中高风险区承灾体的准确、有效、快速识别,基于灾害风险理论,运用地理学规律,在GIS等技术支持下,结合数据挖掘和空间分析技术,探讨了在尺度转换过程中点状承灾体的制图综合问题,并结合承灾体自身及在灾害系统中的属性特征,抽象概括了点状承灾体在灾害地图中的制图综合类型,即重要性综合、特殊性综合、邻近性综合、条件性综合、完整性综合、随机性综合。针对每一种综合类型,给出了可能的灾害情景假设及制图综合方法,并进行了技术实现及可视化表达。结果表明,基于上述6种类型的点状承灾体制图综合,不仅有效解决了尺度转换过程中的数据冗余问题,而且还能准确反映出特定孕灾环境下高风险区承灾体的空间分布,同时也为灾害风险地图的制图综合提供一种新的思路。本研究为区域灾害风险识别、风险防范与管理提供理论与技术支持,进而为区域的防灾减灾提供科学依据。

Study of Cartographic Generalization on Natural Disaster Risk Mapping-Taking Point Hazard-affected Bodies as an Example

Automatic cartographic generalization is a complex decision-making process of expressing objective law of geography,and is also the automatic cartographic generalization hot and tough issues.With little research on cartographic generalization of disaster risk mapping at home and abroad,while it has a more important practical significance for our country which has a vast territory,complicated hazard-formative environment,various kinds of disasters and vulnerable society and economy.To improve the expression ...