陆海统筹视角下国土空间开发适宜性集成评价研究——以浙江嘉兴市为例

在新一轮国土空间规划改革和区域高质量发展战略背景下,全域全要素互动互联的“陆海统筹”理念为沿海地区国土空间开发适宜性评价提供了新思路。本文基于陆、海系统“三类空间”（农业/渔业、城镇/港口、生态）功能和多要素集成评价思维,构建了陆海统筹视角下沿海地区国土空间开发适宜性评价的指标体系,在此基础上,提出“‘三类空间’功能评价—冲突识别—统筹修正”的三步走集成评价方法。嘉兴实证案例结果表明,该集成评价方法可以科学、准确地识别沿海地区陆海空间开发和保护的矛盾区。并通过冲突区域评价结果统筹,确定未来适宜进行建设、生产以及生态保护的陆海空间总规模,实现陆海统筹理念下沿海地区空间开发适宜性评价“一张图”,进而提升沿海地区空间管制的科学性和有序化。

Integrated evaluation of the suitability of territorial spatial development from the perspective of land-sea coordination: A case study of Jiaxing

Under the background of the new round of territorial space planning reforms and the regional high-quality development strategy, the concept of "land-sea coordination" with all elements of the whole region interactive and interconnected provides new ideas for the evaluation of the suitability of land and space development in coastal areas. The article is based on the "three types of territorial space" function and the multi-element integrated evaluation of the land and sea system thinking. It is based on the integrated evaluation thinking of multiple elements and the functions of the "three types of territorial space" (agriculture/fishing, town/port, ecology) in the land and sea systems. It constructs an index system for evaluating the suitability of land and space development in coastal areas from the perspective of land-sea overall planning. On this basis, a three-step integrated evaluation method of "functional evaluation of ''three types of space''-conflict identification-overall planning and correction" is proposed. The Jiaxing empirical case results show that the integrated evaluation method can scientifically and accurately identify the conflicting areas of land-sea space development and protection in coastal areas. And through the overall planning of the conflict area evaluation results, the total scale of land and sea space suitable for construction, production and ecological protection in the future is determined. Realize the "one picture" of the suitability evaluation of the coastal area''s spatial development under the concept of land-sea coordination. Further we can enhance the scientificity and orderliness of space control in coastal areas.