Detecting recent changes in the demographic parameters of drosophilid populations from western and central Africa |
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Authors: | Axelle Bouiges Amir Yassin Maya Ikogou Clément Lelarge Axelle-Rolande Sikoa Stefano Mona Michel Veuille |
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Institution: | 1. Biologie intégrative des populations (EPHE), UMR 7205 OSEB (MNHN, CNRS, EPHE), Paris, France;2. Current address: Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA |
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Abstract: | Previous genetic studies showing evidence of past demographic changes in African drosophilids suggested that these populations had strongly responded to Quaternary climate changes. We surveyed nine species of Zaprionus, a drosophilid genus mostly present in Africa, in forests located between southern Senegal and Gabon. The mitochondrial COI gene showed contrasted levels of sequence variation across species. Populations of the only cosmopolitan species of the genus, Z. indianus, and of its closely related sibling species, Z. africanus, are highly polymorphic and appear to have undergone a continuous population expansion beginning about 130,000 years ago. Five less variable species probably underwent a population expansion beginning only about 20,000–30,000 years ago. One of them, Z. taronus, was significantly structured between forest blocks. The last two species were nearly monomorphic, probably due to infection by Wolbachia. These results are similar to those obtained in three species from the melanogaster subgroup, and may be typical of the responses of African drosophilid populations to glacial cycles. |
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Keywords: | African forest Climate changes |
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