宁夏石嘴山采煤塌陷区地质环境治理模式研究

构建采煤塌陷区地质环境治理模式是矿山地质环境研究的热点问题。通过资料收集、野外调查、对比研究等工作,力图总结干旱缺水少土的宁夏石嘴山惠农采煤塌陷区地质环境综合治理模式,丰富矿山地质环境治理理论,为类似矿山地质环境治理提供借鉴。通过采煤塌陷区挖高垫低、矸石清运等地貌重构,沙土、矸石、有机质参混等土壤改良,修建滴水灌溉网植树绿化修复生态等。其矿区地质环境治理是在干旱-半干旱地区缺土少水情况下实施的,是集先破坏后治理的补课式的集中根治、地质灾害治理、生态修复及矿业遗迹再利用的多元化治理经费投入的综合治理模式,其成功的采煤塌陷区治理为我国类似矿山地质环境治理提供了成功经验。

Treatment Model on Geo-Environment in the Coal Mine Collapse Area of Shizuishan City,Ningxia

Shizuishan Coal Mine area is located in the east of Helan Mountain, northwest Ningxia, which is a part of rainless desert. Under the guide of the governance innovation, many measures were put into effort to recovery the environment, such as landscape reconstruction, soil renovation, drip Irrigation tube built, tree planting and mining heritage protection and utilization. All the area was built and divided into three function concentrated partitions:national mine park, agricultural and pastoral area and industrial warehouse area. A new diversified governance mode was found, that is government finance leading and social finance involving. Successful implementation of 1830ha grassland in poor vegetation area has promoted the transformation of the Shizuishan resource-exhausted city to "new industrial landscape garden city". It is the comprehensive treatment model of environmental reconstruct in state-owned mine area, is also a successful case in semi-arid regions mine area.