世界主要产煤国煤田与煤矿开采地质条件之比较

分析了世界主要产煤国家的煤田和煤矿开采地质条件。受东亚晚古生代以来板块构造演化影响,我国煤田(除鄂尔多斯煤盆地外)的地质条件,比美国、印度、澳大利亚、德国、南非、加拿大、俄罗斯近郊煤田和波兰卢布林煤田复杂得多。我国适于露天开采的煤田少,地下井工开采将是煤矿的主要生产方式。以我国目前的开采技术水平,华南、滇藏含煤区的煤田不具备建设大型煤矿的基本地质条件,东北、华北和西北(鄂尔多斯盆地除外)许多煤田的开采地质条件对于建设安全、高产、高效、大型煤矿来说,也面临重大挑战。 

Comparison of coalfields and coal-mining geological conditions of the main coal-producing countries in the world

The coalfields and coal-mining geological conditions of the main coalproducing countries in the world are illustrated and compared in some detail.The coal geological conditions in China,which is largely controlled by the plate tectonic evolution of Eastern Asia from Late Palaeozoic to present,are more complex than those of the United States,India,Australia,Germany,Canada,South Africa,as well as the Moscow outskirts coalfield in Russia and the Lublin coalfield in Poland.In our country,the coalfields suited to be open-cutting are such less that the underground mining will be the main coal-mining way in the coming years.According to the currently technological standard of coal mining,all coalfields in the Southern China and Yunnan-Xizang coal provinces do not have the basic geological conditions to build huge coal mine,and the most coalfields in the Northeastern,Northern and Northwestern coal provinces of China,except the Ordos coal basin,will face with the major challenge for building large-scale modern coal mine with high output,optimum beneficial result and safety.