耗能型防落梁装置铝蜂窝缓冲器轴向吸能特性研究

耗能型防落梁装置是由普通拉索式防落梁装置改进而来的，其主要吸能部件为吸能控制管，由扩径管和铝蜂窝缓冲器组成。为了给铝蜂窝缓冲器的设计与优化提供可靠的理论依据，建立了铝蜂窝轴向压缩简化模型，对其轴向压缩应力进行了分析、推导并采用有限元模拟和借鉴相关文献试验数据进行了验证，同时分析了加载速率对铝蜂窝材料吸能特性的影响。此外分析了铝蜂窝芯铝箔厚度和蜂窝边长对其吸能特性的影响，并通过桥梁工程实例来分析和评价铝蜂窝缓冲器在吸能控制管中的吸能作用。研究结果表明:铝蜂窝轴向压缩简化模型精度较高，理论计算值相对于有限元计算值的偏差平均值为4.53%，相对于文献试验值的偏差平均值为6.47%；随着加载速率的提高，铝蜂窝材料的单位体积吸能值、初始峰值应力和屈服平均应力均有所提高；在铝蜂窝芯铝箔厚度或蜂窝边长一定的情况下，两者之比β值越大，铝蜂窝缓冲器吸能性能越好；配置了铝蜂窝缓冲器的吸能控制管，其总吸能值平均增大率为18.56%，最大增大率为29.51%，吸能性能提升最大可达近30%，在消耗地震能量方面将发挥显著的作用。

Research on the axial energy absorption characteristics of aluminum honeycomb buffers in energy dissipative unseating prevention device

The energy dissipative unseating prevention device was improved from the ordinary cable-type unseating prevention device. Its main energy absorption component is an energy absorption control tube, which is composed of an enlarged diameter tube and an aluminum honeycomb buffer. In order to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the design and optimization of aluminum honeycomb buffers, a simplified model of aluminum honeycomb axial compression was established, and its axial compressive stress is analyzed, derived and verified by using numerical simulation and reference data from relevant literature. At the same time, the effect of loading rate on the energy absorption characteristics was analyzed. Besides, the effects of aluminum honeycomb core aluminum foil thickness and honeycomb edge length on the energy absorption characteristics were analyzed and the effect of aluminum honeycomb buffer on energy absorption control tube was analyzed and evaluated by bridge engineering examples. The results show that the simplified model of aluminum honeycomb axial compression is accurate. The average deviation of the theoretical calculation from the value of numerical simulation is 4.53% and the average deviation from the experimental value in the literature is 6.47%. With the increase of the loading rate, the energy absorption per unit volume, the initial peak stress, and the average stress of the yield of the aluminum honeycomb materials have been improved. In the case where the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb core aluminum foil or the length of the honeycomb side is constant, the larger the ratio of the two, the better the energy absorption performance. The energy absorption control tube with aluminum honeycomb buffer is equipped with an average increase rate of total energy absorption value of 18.56% and a maximum increase rate of 29.51%, and the maximum increase rate of energy absorption performance of nearly 30%, which will play a significant role in the consumption of earthquake energy.