草地生态系统土壤呼吸研究进展

土壤呼吸是草地生态系统碳循环过程中的关键环节，也是草地生态系统中碳素向大气输出的主要途径。土壤中碳素的释放能够显著增加大气中CO₂的浓度，增强温室效应，从而对全球气候和环境变化产生重要影响。文章综合介绍了国内外有关土壤呼吸的各种测定方法，特别是分析了影响草地土壤呼吸的主要环境因素，并就草地土壤呼吸与根系呼吸的区分方法等进行了详细的讨论。

The Development on the Soil Respiration of Grassland Ecosystem

The flux of carbon from grassland to the atmosphere occurs primarily in the form of CO2,and is the result of soil respiration,which makes that the soil respiration is one of the major pathways to influence the global carbon cycle. Increasing release of carbon from the soils could significantly exacerbate the increase of atmospheric CO2 and reinforce the greenhouse-warming effect. In this paper,the commonly used methods of measuring soil respiration were summarized and compared in particular. Factors affecting soil respiration, such as natural conditionts and human activities, were discussed. Finally,four primary methods have been reviewed to distinguish root respiration from total soil respiration including components method,root exclusion method,root biomass ratiocination method and isotope method. The paper suggested that the more studies are necessary in the future work.