Risk-based assessment of arsenic-affected aquacultural water in blackfoot disease hyperendemic areas |
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| Authors: | Cheng-Shin Jang Kao-Hung Lin Chen-Wuing Liu Ming-Chao Lin |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Leisure and Recreation Management, Kainan University, Luzhu, Taoyuan, 33857, Taiwan, ROC;(2) Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan, ROC;(3) Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC;(4) General Education Center, Graduate Institute of Environmental Management, Nanhua University, Dalin, Chia-Yi, 62248, Taiwan, ROC |
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| Abstract: | This work explored a risk-based arsenic (As) regulation in farmed pond water by ingesting tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) in blackfoot disease hyperendemic areas and discussed a rational As regulation in pond water. Monte Carlo analysis was used to propagate the parameter uncertainty and to assess probabilistically regulation risks. A dynamic scheme of groundwater management was proposed that curves of utilization ratios against As concentrations in groundwater were established based on the risk-based regulation. The 5th to 95th percentiles of risks range from 3.5 × 10−7 to 6.0 × 10−5 via ingesting the farmed tilapia under the current As regulation in farmed pond water in Taiwan, 50 μg/L. To compare to inorganic As regulation in drinking water, the current As regulation in farmed pond water does not pose a great threat to human health, but it is unsafe. Therefore, this study suggests that the regulation of As in farmed pond water is revised to be 25 μg/L. |
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| Keywords: | Groundwater Risk-based management Aquacultural water Uncertainty |
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