海洋油气开发工程环境影响评价特点浅析

相比陆上油气开发工程和其他海洋工程而言,海洋油气开发工程有其自身的特点,海洋油气开发工程环境影响评价应关注的内容与其他工程有所不同。文章通过分析海洋油气开发工程的特点以及对环境影响的特点,提出海洋油气开发工程环境影响评价要点,即包括施工期悬浮泥沙及钻井液钻屑排放对海洋生态环境的影响、运营期含油生产水排放对海洋生态环境的影响、工程建设对海洋环境敏感目标的影响、溢油事故环境风险分析、污染防治及生态保护措施,并针对目前海洋油气开发工程环境影响评价存在的问题提出改进建议。

Characteristics of Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Oil and Gas Developing Projects

Compared to onshore oil and gas development projects and other marine engineering,offshore oil and gas developing project has its own characteristics,and the content of environmental impact assessment (EIA) of offshore oil and gas developing projects is different from other projects.The paper described the features of offshore oil and gas developing projects as well as the characteristics of the environmental impact,put forward the main points of EIA,including the impact of suspended sediment and drilling fluid discharge on marine environment during construction period,the impact of oil production water discharge on marine environment during operation period,the impact of engineering construction on sensitive objectives of marine environment,environmental risk analysis of oil spill,and pollution prevention and ecological protection measures,and brought forward suggestions for improvement concerning the problems in EIA for offshore oil and gas developing projects.